In the previous article, we looked at the inflected form of the verb "Iku (go)". It is very simple as you just need to change "-u" at the end of the indefinite form to (-imasu), (-imashita), (-imasen) or (-imasendeshita). if you want it in the informal negative form, you change it to (-anai) or (-anakatta).
But these are the case for verbs of the regular form. Unfortunately, there are some irregular verbs in Japanese as well. Let's take a closer look at them from now on.
One kind of them is the《 "-ru" type verbs》.
This type of verbs, ending with "-ru", is quite common in Japanese. For example, "okiru (wake up)", "taberu (eat)", "dekakeru (go out)", "basu ni noru (ride on a bus)", "benkyou suru (study)", "ie ni kaeru (return home)", "terebi o miru (watch TV)", "tomodachi ga kuru (A friend comes)", "shourai o kangaeru (think about the future)", "neru (sleep)" etc, etc... Many of them are activities closely related our daily life.
I don't know why, but it's actually the same in Spanish. In fact, all Spanish verbal indeterminals end in one of three types: "-ar", "-er", or "-ir". So it is laughably similar as you can relate "okoru (happen)" to "okurir (ocurrir)", or "miru (look)" to "mirar (mirar)".
Anyways, there are two kinds of "-ru" type verbs, one of which changes regularly as I mentioned before, while the other type is conjugated in a special way.
Now, let's take the verbs listed above and observe them as examples.
☆ There are only two verbs that use regular inflection,
"noru (ride)" and "kaeru (return)".
So if you follow the order of "iku (go)" above, it will be "norimasu", "norimashita", "norimasen", "norimasendeshita", and informal negative forms will be "noranai", and "noranakatta". Similarly, it will be "kaerimasu", "kaerimashita", "kaerimasen", "kaerimasendeshita", and informal negative forms will be "kaeranai" and "kaeranakatta". So their inflection is no different from other regular verbs.
And all other verbs, "okiru (wake up)", "taberu (eat)", "dekakeru (go out)", "benkyou suru (study)", "terebi o miru (watch TV)", "tomodachi ga kuru (A friend comes)", "shourai o kangaeru (think about the future)", "neru (sleep)" , are irregularly inflected.
That's right, the majority of "-ru" type verbs are irregular or anomalous.
How in the world is it anomalous ???
It's easy. You can take to last "-ru" off or throw it away. Normally, you change "nor.u" to "nor.imasu", in the other words, you change "u" to "imasu". But here you throw away "ru" from "oki.ru" and make it to "okimasu" by directly adding "masu" or "mashita" to "oki".
I may call it "-ru abandon type" or "-ru outside type".
Thus, "okiru" becomes "okimasu", "taberu" becomes "tabemasu", "dekakeru" becomes "dekakemasu", "miru" becomes "mimasu", "kangaeru" becomes "kangaemasu", and "neru" becomes "nemasu".
You can also change "-masu" to "-mashita", "-masen" or "-masendeshita", and if you want it informal negative form, then all you need is changing it to "-nai" or "-nakatta". Everything will be OK !!
You've already understood the "-ru" type verbs, right?
Oh, but we are missing two. What about "benkyou suru (study)" and "tomodachi ga kuru (A friend comes)" ?
I am sorry, but I'll talk about that next time.
part 5. "Strange verbs", now what is it?.
This is published ⇩
See you!!
Talking about how similar some Japanese and Spanish words are reminds me of how often I mix them
ReplyDeleteThank you very much, me too. Are you Spanish, and learning Japanese ?
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