〈11〉 ◆ chap 2 " the Japanese Mystery Theater "
part 5. "Strange Verbs", now what is it ?
《 "-ru" type verb (2) 》
We have talked so far about Japanese verbs ending with "-ru", and how some of them change their form irregularly as "-ru abandon type" verbs.
This type of verbs do not change "-ru" but throw it away. For example "Okiru (wake up)" will never be "Okirimasu" but "Okimasu" and "taberu (eat)" will never be "taberimasu" but "tabemasu". You've already mastered it well, haven't you?
But, two of verbs that were supposed to be in there haven't been explained yet.
Yes,
those are " benkyou suru (do study)" and " tomodachi ga kuru (A friend comes)".
In fact, they are the two strangest irregular verbs with the most unusual conjugations of all the "-ru abandon type" verbs. Let me explain this in more detail below.
1) "SURU (do)"
This is a very useful verb. Even if you don't know or forget the verb in that action, as long as you know the noun, you can make it the object and add "suru" to it. For example if you don't know "oyogu (swim)", you can say "suiei (wo) suru (do swimming)", if you forget "taberu (eat)", you can say "shokuji (wo) suru (do eating)", if you forget "manabu (study)", you can say "benkyo (wo) suru (do study)". So "suru" is a verb comparable to Trump's "all mighty" that covers any action.
For conjugation, as these are "-ru abandon type", you throw away "-ru" first. But you also need to change "su" before "ru" to "shi". This is important!
Yes remember that " SU → SHI " and check the table below.
ーーーーーーーーーー〈positive〉ーーーー〈negative〉ーーーーーー
〈informal〉
present SURU SHINAI
（・ru） （・nai）
past SHITA SHINAKATTA
（・ta） （・nakatta）
〈formal〉
present SHIMASU SHIMASEN
（・masu） （・masen）
past SHIMASHITA SHIMASENDESHITA
（・mashita） （・masendeshita）
ーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーー
Did you notice that only the present tense of <informal> is "su-ru" and all the others have changed to "shi.."? Now you have a diploma of "suru"!
2) "KURU (come)"
This is also a bit of a strange word. You saw on the conjugation chart for "iku (go)" before, but "iku (go)" means moving from here to there, and "kuru (come)" means moving from there to here, opposite actions.
The formal forms of "iku" are "ikimasu" and "ikimashita", and formal forms of the opposite action "kuru" are just removing "i-" from those, "kimasu" and "kimashita". That's all it takes to represent the opposite behavior. There's a secret to it.
That's right, "kuru" is also "-ru abandon type", so you throw away "-ru" first. but you have to change "ku" before "ru" to "ki" or "ko". To be more precise, you have to change "ku" to "ki" for< positive and negative formal> forms, and "ku" to "ko" for <negative informal> forms. It's a little complicated, but you'll have to make sure it in your head while checking the chart.
Try remember them as " KU → KI, KO " !
ーーーーーーーーーー〈positive〉ーーーー〈negative〉ーーーーーー
〈informal〉
present KURU KONAI
（・u） （・nai）
past KITA KONAKATTA
（・ta） （・nakatta）
〈formal〉
present KIMASU KIMASEN
（・masu） （・masen）
past KIMASHITA KIMASENDESHITA
（・mashita） （・masendeshita）
ーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーー
Did you notice that only the present tense of <informal> form is "ku-ru" and all the others have changed to "ki.." or "ko.."? Then you have understood the annoying of the verb "come" !!
《 HARU(spring) GA KITA(has come) is the past of informal 》
Now, you're just one step away from conquering Japanese verbs !
ーーーThe next post will be
<12> chap 2 "the Japanese Mystery Theater"
part 5. Discover the secrets of the ultimate irregular verbs!?
Mystery of be-verb "da" !!
This is published ⇩
See you!!
◎ If you want to read this blog in Japanese, click here ↓
〈 Your opinions and requests. → vivasouy1@mac.com 〉
☆Copyright is not abandoned. You must contact the publisher to cite this sentence.
Comments
Post a Comment